Team develops X-ray vision for mobile phones

The augmented reality system works by overlaying graphics on top of real-world video images.It comes in three versions: X-ray Vision, Meltvision and Distortvision.Meltvision and X-ray Vision both work to reveal occluded points of interest. But, says Dr Christian Sandor, Director of the Magic Vision Lab at UniSA, Meltvision, where obstructive objects appear to melt away, is preferred by users over X-ray Vision. Distortvision alters the mobile video image so that objects out of the line of sight can be ‘bent’ into vision."More and more applications use high-quality 3D models, such as Google Earth, or photos, such as Google Streetview, of the environment. But with these approaches the real and virtual worlds are disconnected," he says."Our new applications present the real and virtual worlds together. For example, with Meltvision, you can ‘melt’ away a building in front of you to see whether or not there is an ATM in the street behind it."This is much easier than a pop up arrow or text that would tell you which direction to travel in. You can see it for yourself, as if it were ahead of you."The team has also been working on technology that allows people to see and feel virtual objects – Visuo-Haptic Augmented Reality - something Sandor says could change the face of industrial design.It allows a user to manipulate a virtual 3D object using a head mounted display and touch-based devices."The current method for prototyping involves the development of a 3D design using a computer, which can be viewed on screen or printed out in what is a relatively static presentation," he says."If developers want to touch a prototype, they must use a 3D printer to create a physical model. 3D printers are slow and expensive and changes to the shape are costly and labor intensive. With our technology, changes to the shape can be made and felt instantaneously."

iPad madness reaches obscene levels

What's the most important news story in the world today? The Haiti earthquake, the possibility of peace talks with the Taliban or Tony Blair facing questioning in the inquiry into the invasion of Iraq? Don't be silly. It's a new consumer gadget from Apple.

A quick glance at Google News US shows 1,118 stories covering the Haiti quake - fewer than the number of people confirmed dead - 3,151 on the Taliban peace talks and 1,962 on ex-British PM Tony Blair appearing at the Iraq inquiry. The Apple iPad appears to need 8,667 almost identical stories telling us how wonderful it is.

Am I the only person who finds this obscene?

By what right does the religious cult of Apple - and be assured that's exactly what it is - dominate the news completely?

This Wednesday, it seemed that the world stood still. Nothing was happening anywhere in the world that came close to the importance of the launch of a big iPhone that you can't even buy yet.

Now, I realize a lot of people love everything Apple does, but surely even they would agree that 200,000 people dying in an earthquake should possibly take precedence over a bloody computer.

Apple's hold over the media and media wannabe bloggers is total. Normally if a company refuses to talk about its products or send out review samples, coverage is minimal. But Apple's contrived shortage of information only serves to generate fevered speculation and then speculation on that speculation.

The chosen few - who due to their blind subservience to the Cult of Apple means they can be trusted to write in glowing terms about every new nut, bolt and pastel-hued earbud the company turns out - get free publicity for their pictures which are used by every other media outlet on the planet.

How the hell did Apple get to this position? This whole huge viral marketing machine costs them nothing to operate. They can just let slip a rumor to AppleInsider and within hours, there's a worldwide media feeding frenzy.Apple is laughing all the way to the bank.

The media even speculates about whether or not the founder and high priest of the Church of Scientapplogy, L. Ron Jobs, is going to turn up at a press conference.

Who the hell cares? He's just this guy, you know.

Once upon a time, news editors would stand up to this crap and make companies work for their publicity - and indeed they still do for people like Microsoft and Intel and indeed every company that isn't called Apple.

Lots of people will go out and buy an iPad, even if they're not entirely sure what they will do with it. They want one because it's a religious artefact - a piece of the True Cross. It doesn't matter that you can't pick the thing up without accidentally touching the screen and deleting a file or emailing your entire porn stash to the boss, they just have to have one.

The fact that the faithful can't get one yet and that there will be shortages when it finally arrives will just add to the frenzy. This plays into Apple's hands too. Can you honestly tell me the company won't deliberately keep a tight hold on availability to keep the mania going and to keep prices up?

Of course, Apple could offer a free iPad to every survivor of the Haitian earthquake and then people might bother to write about that insignificant little local problem as well.

Sometimes I despair for journalism. Pull yourselves together for God's sake and write about something important for a change. Here's a tip for all you writers out there - if it features a ten inch OLED display, it probably doesn't count as real news, OK?

It seems the iPad adverts are telling iPorkies, pretending the much hyped device can actually handle Adobe Flash, even though it can’t.

Promotional images of the device are replete with flashy slide shows from the likes of The New York Times, loading in all their glory on the built-in safari browser.

Sadly, this hipster dream was shattered by Steve Jobs himself during the live onstage demo of his deliverance of the holy tablet to the world, not that it should have come as any surprise, seeing as Safari on the iPhone has never supported it, and the iPad is just a wider screened version without voice capabilities.

Even Adobe itself has thrown its hands up in despair at Apple’s stubborn refusal to support its product, with Adrian Ludwig of the firm’s platform product marketing team noting in a recent blog that "Apple is continuing to impose restrictions on their devices that limit both content publishers and consumers."

Indeed, “without Flash support, iPad users will not be able to access the full range of web content, including over 70% of games and 75% of video on the web,” he notes.

“If I want to use the iPad to connect to , Hulu, Miniclip, Farmville, ESPN, Kongregate, or JibJab-- not to mention the millions of other sites on the web -- I'll be out of luck,” he concludes scathingly.

We can’t imagine Disney will be too pleased about it either, especially considering Saint Jobsworth is one of the firm’s biggest shareholders.

But perhaps Apple thought people would forget all about the failed live demo, and just rely on the oh-so-pretty mocked up photos online instead - which all seem to show Flash working fine and dandy on the device.

Likewise, the firm’s video adverts for the iPad don’t seem to show any issues with Flash, which means someone in Apple’s ad department went to great lengths to fake it. Classy.

And speaking of classy, check out this video parodying Hitler’s supreme disappointment with the device:

Think this rather calls for a Flash mobbing, don’t you?

Apple has apparently been forced to temporarily halt production of its 27-inch iMac model.

"According to one of our sources, the company completely stopped the iMac 27' assembling lines," claimed Hardmac's Lionel.

"Production will not resume before Apple has finally found a reliable and definitive fix for the remaining past (flickering displays) and new issues (yellowish panels) affecting those models."



It should also be noted that Gizmodo recently posted an internal Apple document which outlined the Club Cupertino's approach to the malfunctioning panels.

"Do not attempt a repair or replacement at this time. Explain that slight color variability is normal for LCD displays and in general does not warrant replacement," read the alleged document.



"Customers who are concerned that their iMac has a yellow tint issue, and who provide contact information, will be contacted by Apple in approximately three weeks to arrange a LCD panel replacement."

Life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness... and internet access

Four in five people around the world reckon internet access is their fundamental right, according to a poll conducted for BBC World Service.

The survey of more than 27,000 adults found that 87 per cent of those who used the internet felt that internet access should be "the fundamental right of all people." Even non-internet users agreed, with more than seven in ten believing that they should have the right to access the web.

South Korea felt most entitled, with 96 percent agreeing, followed by Mexico with 94 percent and China with 87 percent.

Most web users enthused about the information available, the greater freedom the internet brings and social networking.

However, there was caution about expressing opinions online.Respondents were evenly split between those who felt that "the internet is a safe place to express my opinions" and those who disagreed.

For some reason, three-quarters of Germans felt they couldn't express their opinions safely online, as did 70 percent of South Koreans and 65 percent of Japanese. Indians, Ghanaians and Kenyans felt most confident.

More than half of internet users feel that the internet should not be regulated by governments.

The poll also found that fraud was the aspect of the internet that caused people most concern, with 32 percent saying it was what worried them most.

GlobeScan Chairman Doug Miller commented: "Despite worries about privacy and fraud, people around the world see access to the internet as their fundamental right. They think the web is a force for good, and most don’t want governments to regulate it."

The bottom begins to fall out for Palm

A senior vice president at Palm has just left the company, and one of its biggest retail partners, Radio Shack, as of today will phase out all systemwide stock of Palm phones.

Michael Abbott, Palm's SVP of Software and Services, will officially leave his executive post on Friday, April 23 after the company confirmed his resignation last Friday.

And today, the Wall Street Journal confirmed that Radio Shack no longer plans to sell the Palm Pre or the Palm Pixi, the mobile company's two current models.

Radio Shack sold the phones with its biggest mobile partner, Sprint. However, sales of other Sprint handsets like the Blackberry Curve easily outsold the Pre and the Pixi.

The retailer will replace the Palm phones with a new Blackberry and another "message-centric device."

In a Barron's interview, Sprint spokesperson Scott Sloat. "This is in line with Radio Shack’s normal product planning process - there is a designated amount of space in stores for handsets and they work to keep the line up of devices as current as possible."

The two losses for Palm come as the company continues to be unsuccessful in its bid to find a buyer. The company, once regarded as a leader in mobile electronics, has sunk to a point where it is now relegated to the bottom of the totem pole.

Analyst Lawrence Harris told the Wall Street Journal that Palm's "fundamental outlook remains highly challenging."

Low-power Bluetooth spec announced

The next generation of Bluetooth gadgets is less likely to just sit in a drawer, following the launch of a new low-energy version of the technology.

While Bluetooth watches have been available for some time now, their blink-and-you-miss-it battery capacity has meant they've never really taken off.

But the forthcoming Bluetooth Core Specification Version 4.0 will feature a powerful low energy mode that the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) says could open up new applications in health, sports and fitness, security and home entertainment.

"Bluetooth v4.0 throws open the doors to a host of new markets for Bluetooth manufacturers and products such as watches, remote controls, and a variety of medical and in-home sensors," says Michael Foley, executive director of the Bluetooth SIG.

"Many of these products run on button-cell batteries that must last for years versus hours and will also benefit from the longer range enabled by this new version of the Bluetooth specification,"

Bluetooth v4.0 consists of three elements - the classic Bluetooth technology, Bluetooth low energy technology, and Bluetooth high speed technology – which can be used on a pick 'n mix basis.

For example, watches will take advantage of low energy technology while collecting data from fitness sensors on the body, and then Classic Bluetooth technology when sending that information to a PC, or separately displaying caller ID information when wirelessly connected to a mobile phone.

As with previous versions of the spec, the radio range can be optimized according to application. With Bluetooth v4.0, manufacturers may choose to optimize range to 200 feet and beyond.

The SIG expects to finish the integration of Bluetooth low energy wireless technology by the end of June. End-user devices are expected to reach the market late this year or early next

Garmin intros navigation-centric Garminfone on Android

GPS manufacturer Garmin for the first time will be releasing its own branded mobile phone, bringing its navigation technology to the Android platform exclusively through T-Mobile.

The Garminfone will come packed with tons of navigation features, including a brand new app called Garmin Voice Studio that allows users to send and share custom directions to friends and family.

Android already offers its own built-in GPS app through Google Maps' "Navigation" service, but Google warns that it is in beta form and the company certainly doesn't have the expertise in the field that Garmin does.

Expanded functionality for the Garminfone will also include automatically hyperlinking street addresses (from texts, e-mails, Web sites, etc) on the device to bring up direction information. Users can also geo-tag pictures with the built-in 3-megapixel camera and Garmin will introduce a suite of location-based services like movie listings and local gas station prices.

Garmin's full navigation suite that is used on its GPS devices will also be transferred over, allowing complete voice-based navigation information and guaranteed functionality even if the cell signal is lost.

The phone will also come with a mount that makes it easy to stick it to a dashboard or window. Other specs of the Garminfone were not specifically detailed, though it does include support for Microsoft Exchange e-mail, native social networking functionality, and a 3.5-inch touch screen.

The Garminfone will be available later this spring.

Samsung UA40B7000 LED TV

The Samsung UA40B7000 LED TV Price in Pakistan. Buy this The Samsung UA40B7000 most suitable price in Pakistan. visit prises.pk for LCD TV, LED TV, Scanner, etc.
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There can be only one thinnest, clearest, most elegant television. Easily, its Samsungs LED TV Series 7. Breathtakingly thin, its designed as one seamless piece of flawless crystal. On its LED screen, vivid details are captured in every frame. Picture edge-blur removed and full, robust colour restored to each pixel. Watch television programs, web content or your own, knowing youre also being kind to the environment. Its a remarkable feat of design, on or off..

Specifications

Video

* Screen Size 101.6cm (40)
* Resolution 1920 x 1080
* Dynamic Contrast Ratio Mega
* Backlight LED
* 1080 24p Real Movie Yes
* Picture Engine SAMSUNG LUXIA LED Engine
* Wide Color Enhancer WCE pro
* 100/200Hz Motion Plus Yes (100Hz)

Audio

* Speaker Type Down Firing
* Sound Effect System SRS TruSurround HD
* Woofer No
* Sound Output (RMS) 10W x 2

The Samsung LA46B530 LCD TV Price in Pakistan. Buy this The Samsung LA46B530 most suitable price in Pakistan. visit prises.pk for LCD TV, LED TV, Scanner, etc.
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The smooth, stylish Samsung LCD TV SERIES 5 excels in every aspect. Its phenomenal Full HD 1080p images are framed perfectly by its large screen, inviting you to experience a TV that is as versatile as it is remarkable, and entertainment without limits.

Full HD 1080p technology

* Its resolution (1920 x 1080) is enhanced two times to that of HD TV (1366 x 768), due to 1.5 times more scanning lines than conventional HD TVs.

DNIE+

* Samsungs proprietary picture quality enhancing engine. DNIe+ Engine technology performs to optimise overall picture qualities.

More natural & deeper colour

* Samsung Wide Colour Enhancer extended to display the natural green and blue. Additionally, Wide Colour Enhancer 2 technology is upgraded to reproduce the red area also.

3 HDMI

* Three High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) connections make your TV a multimedia centrepiece. Connect HD digital devices like disc players, game consoles, and satellite dish components into the 2 rear connections and use the side-mounted input for cameras, camcorders, and laptops. HDMI is the best performing interface for displaying an HD source on an HDTV.

Samsung UA55B7000 55 inch LED Television

he Samsung UA55B7000 55 inch LED Television Price in Pakistan. Buy this Samsung UA55B7000 55 inch LED Television at most suitable price in Pakistan. Also check Second hand or used Samsung UA55B7000 55 inch LED Television in Pakistan. Check prices.pk for LED, LCD and Television prices in Pakistan

There can be only one thinnest, clearest, most elegant television. Easily, its Samsungs LED TV Series 7. Breathtakingly thin, its designed as one seamless piece of flawless crystal. On its LED screen, vivid details are captured in every frame. Picture edge-blur removed and full, robust colour restored to each pixel. Watch television programs, web content or your own, knowing youre also being kind to the environment. Its a remarkable feat of design, on or off..
Specifications

Video

Screen Size 139.7cm (55)
Resolution 1920 x 1080
Dynamic Contrast Ratio Mega
Backlight LED
1080 24p Real Movie Yes
Picture Engine SAMSUNG LUXIA LED Engine
Wide Color Enhancer WCE pro
100/200Hz Motion Plus Yes (100Hz)
Audio

Speaker Type Down Firing
Sound Effect System SRS TruSurround HD
Woofer Yes
Sound Output (RMS) 15W x 2
Feature

Sleep Timer Yes
Still Picture No
Auto Channel Search Yes
Auto Power Off Yes
Anynet+ (HDMI-CEC) Yes
Game mode Yes
Caption Yes
Teletext (TTXT) 1000P
Picture-in-Picture 1 Tuner PIP
Clock & On/Off timer Yes
OSD language Local Language
EPG No
Internet@TV Yes
InfoLink No
DLNA Yes (Wireless)
Content Library (Flash) Yes (2G)
USB2.0 Yes (USB2.0 Movie)
BD Wise Yes
Wireless LAN Adaptor Support Yes
Smart Content Manager Yes
Remote Controller Type IR Remote Control
User Interface Single
Auto Volume Leveler Yes
Panel Ultra Clear Panel Yes
System

DTV Type No
DTV Tuner Built-in No
Input & Output (Back)

HDMI 4
Digital Audio (Optical) No
Audio Out L-R (Mini Jack) 1
PC input (D-sub) 1
PC Audio Input (Mini Jack) 1
DVI Audio Input Common Use for PC Audio Input
Component (Y/Pb/Pr) 1
Composite (AV) Common Use for Component Y
Ethernet (LAN) 1
RF input 1
USB 2
CI Slot N/A
Scart N/A
Power

Power Supply AC100-240V 50/60Hz, AC100-260V 50/60Hz (India)
Operation power consumption 220 Watts
Stand-by Power Consumption <0.1W
Dimension

Set Size (WxHxD) without Stand 1,321.0 x 815.0 x 29.9mm
Set weight without stand 22.2Kg

Sony TVs

Sony TVs

The Sony Bravia range is the most well known brand of LCD TVs available. Everyone has seen their amazing TV adverts featuring rubber balls bouncing down a street in San Francisco and the exploding paint over Glasgow tower blocks.

Bravia stands for "Best Resolution Audio Visual Integrated Architecture". Sony developed the Bravia engine to power their range of LCD TVs. This includes an original picture tuning and noise reduction process which guarantees vivid and high contrast images. This means you get a cleaner, crisp and more vibrant image on your screen. You will witness supreme colour quality with every picture you display on your Sony TV.

Other feature enhancements on Sony LCD TVs include Motionflow +100Hz to create a smooth picture, 24p True Cinema giving you a greater Cinema Experience and S-Force which produces a surround sound effect.

With all these features you can see why Sony are the best selling LCD TVs available.

Sony KDL-HX800

The Sony KDL-HX800 series is the company's least expensive to feature 3D compatibility.
(Credit: Sony)

Sony announced three series of 3D-compatible TVs at CES in January, and on Wednesday the company filled in the remaining details with pricing, availability, and a list of included 3D material. The principal throw-in is "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" on 3D Blu-ray, as well as vouchers for 3D games on the PS3.

Pricing, as with that of rivals Samsung and Panasonic, is pretty high. Sony's 3D models, all with LED backlights, start at 40 inches and $2,100 for the Sony KDL-40HX800. Samsung's least expensive LED-based 3D TV at that size is the UN40C7000 ($1,800), although the similarly-priced 50-inch Samsung PN50C7000 plasma and the non-LED-based 46-inch Samsung LN46C750 LCD (about $1500) both provide bigger screens for the buck. Panasonic, for its part, charges about $2,500 for its cheapest 3D TV, a 50-inch plasma known as the TC-P50VT25/TC-P50VT20.

One of the three Sony series, the flagship XBR-LX900, includes two pairs of the necessary 3D glasses, which is more than Panasonic (1 pair) and Samsung (zero pair). The other two, dubbed HX909 and HX800, require you to buy the glasses ($150 a pair--the same as Panasonic and Samsung) as well as a separate emitter to synch the glasses to the TV ($50--both Samsung and Panasonic build the emitters into their TVs).

Sony does offer the most extensive throw-in bundle of the three at the moment, at least for PS3 owners. According to the press release:

Consumers who purchase and register one of the new 3D Bravia models will receive a copy of Sony Pictures Home Entertainment's Blu-ray 3D title "Cloudy With a Chance of Meatballs" as well as Blu-ray 3D title "Deep Sea." The sets will also include a PlayStation Network voucher enabling 3D BRAVIA purchasers to download stereoscopic 3D gaming experiences on the PlayStation3 (PS3) System (sold separately). The titles include Pain (partial game) and MotorStorm: Pacific Rift (demo) and full game downloads of WipEout HD and Super StarDust HD.

If you're keeping track, Panasonic's current 3D Blu-ray throw-in is either "Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs" or "Coraline"; while Samsung offers a "starter kit" with two pairs of glasses and "Monsters vs. Aliens" ($350, or free when you buy a BDP-C6900 Blu-ray player). Having played Super Stardust HD in 3D at CES, I can tell you it's the most satisfying 3D TV content I've experienced so far, so Sony's free offer could be compelling to people who don't care about childrens' animation (I am looking forward to "Coraline," though).

Content aside, the real question is how well Sony's sets deliver the 3D experience, something we don't know for sure until we've had a chance to review them. In the meantime here are Sony's 2010 3D TVs in a nutshell, including LED backlight schemes. All are available for preorder at the prices listed.

1970, FCC enacts the Financial Interest Syndication Rules

FCC enacts the Financial Interest Syndication Rules (effective 1971), prohibiting the three major networks from owning and controlling the rebroadcast of prime-time shows. The rules ended controversial policies of withholding or delaying network hits from independent stations that could then program them against network news and prime-time fare. In the same action, FCC enacts the Prime Time Access Rule, limiting the networks' use of peak viewing time to three hours per night. The rule effectively shaved off 30 minutes of prime-time programming from the networks each night and returned it to the local stations in the top 50 markets.

Action for Children's Television petitions the FCC to eliminate all commercials from children's TV programs, citing a variety of shortcomings in terms of quality and regulation of advertising. The petition fueled existing debate within the industry about advertising and children.

Coca-Cola's "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing" commercial saturates the radio and broadcast airwaves, becoming an instant hit. Coca-Cola goes on to sell a million records featuring a non-commercial version of the popular jingle.

1959, 1960 June Allyson Show,

DuPont Co. begins a two-year sponsorship of the "June Allyson Show," a series of dramatic plays.

The first of four "great debates" between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon is broadcast on Sept. 26 across the country, breaking new ground in presidential campaigning.

The most popular shows of the year include "Gunsmoke" and "Wagon Train." Audience share figures regularly exceed 50% for many of the most popular entries in prime tim

The cartoon ad character Mister Magoo becomes the nearsighted spokesman for General Electric bulbs.

NBC's Sunday night hit "Bonanza" makes its debut. It becomes the highest-rated program of the 1960s and is on the air 14 years.

first color film

Kinemacolor was the first successful color motion picture process, used commercially from 1908 to 1914. It was invented by George Albert Smith of Brighton, England in 1906. He was influenced by the work of William Norman Lascelles Davidson.^[1] It was launched by Charles Urban's Urban Trading Co. of London in 1908. From 1909 on, the process was known as Kinemacolor. It was a two-color additive color process, photographing and projecting a black-and-white film behind alternating red and cyan filters.

"How to Make and Operate Moving Pictures" published by Funk and Wagnalls in 1917 notes the following:

Of the many attempts to produce cinematograph pictures... the greatest amount of attention so far has been attracted by a system invented by George Albert Smith, and commercially developed by Charles Urban under the name of "Kinemacolor." In this system (to quote from Cassell's Cyclopædia of Photography, edited by the editor of this present book), only two colour filters are used in taking the negatives and only two in projecting the positives. The camera resembles the ordinary cinematographic camera except that it runs at twice the speed, taking thirty-two images per second instead of sixteen, and it is fitted with a rotating colour filter in addition to the ordinary shutter. This filter is an aluminium skeleton wheel... having four segments, two open ones, G and H; one filled in with red-dyed gelatine, E F; and the fourth containing green-dyed gelatine, A B. The camera is so geared that exposures are made alternately through the red gelatine and the green gelatine. Panchromatic film is used, and the negative is printed from in the ordinary way, and it will be understood that there is no colour in the film itself.^[2]

[edit] Premiere

The first motion picture exhibited in Kinemacolor was an eight-minute short filmed in Brighton titled A Visit to the Seaside, which was trade shown in September 1908. On 26 February 1909, the general public first saw Kinemacolor in a programme of twenty-one short films shown at the Palace Theater in London. The process was first seen in the United States on 11 December 1909, at an exhibition staged by Smith and Urban at Madison Square Garden in New York.^[3]

In 1910, Kinemacolor released the first dramatic film made in the process, Checkmated. The documentary film With Our King and Queen Through India (also known as The Durbar at Delhi, 1912) and the dramas The World, the Flesh and the Devil (1914), and Little Lord Fauntleroy (1914) were the first three feature films made in color. Unfortunately, these latter two features were also among the last films released by Kinemacolor.

[edit] Success and decline

Kinemacolor projectors were eventually installed in some 300 cinemas in Britain, and 54 dramatic films were produced. Four dramatic short films were also produced by Kinemacolor in the United States in 1912–1913,^[4] and one in Japan, Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura (1914).

However, the company was never a success, partly due to the expense of installing special Kinemacolor projectors in cinemas. Also, the process suffered from "fringing" and "haloing" of the images, an insoluble problem as long as Kinemacolor remained a successive frame process. Kinemacolor in the U.S. became most notable for its Hollywood studio being taken over by D. W. Griffith, who also took over Kinemacolor's failed plans to film Thomas Dixon's The Clansman, which eventually became The Birth of a Nation (1915).

The first (additive) version of Prizma Color, developed by William Van Doren Kelley in the U.S. from 1913 to 1917, used some of the same principles as Kinemacolor. In the U.K., William Friese-Greene developed another additive colour system for film called Biocolour. However, in 1914 George Albert Smith sued Friese-Greene for infringing Kinemacolor's patents, slowing the development of Biocolour by Friese-Greene and his son Claude in the 1920s.

[edit] List of films made in Kinemacolor

• The Adopted Child (1911)
• Aldershot Views (1912)
• All's Well That Ends Well (1914)
• Alpes-Maritimes — Cascade de Courmes (1912)
• The Alps (1913)
• An American Invasion (1913)
• The Amorous Doctor (1911)
• Artillery Drill at West Point (1910)
• Atlantic City (1912)
• The Baby (1910)
• A Balkan Episode (1911)
• Band of Queen's Highlanders (1909)
• Big Waves at Brighton (1912)
• Biskra and the Sahara Desert (1910)
• The Blackmailer (1911)
• Boys Will Be Boys (1911)
• Brown's German Liver Cure (1911)
• The Bully (1910)
• The Burglar as Father Christmas (1911)
• Butterflies (1913)
• By Order of Napoleon (1910)
• By the Side of the Zuyder Zee (1912)
• Caesar's Prisoners (1911)
• Cairo and the Nile (1912)
• The Call of the Blood (1913)
• The Cap of Invisibility (1912)
• Carnival at Nice (1914)
• Carnival in Ceylon (1913)
• Carnival Scenes at Nice and Cannes (1909)
• Cart Horse Parade-May 31-Regent's Park (1912)
• Castles in the Air (1912)
• Cat Studies (1908)
• Charles Barnold's Dog and Monkey (1912)
• Checkmated (1911)
• Children Forming United States Flag at Albany Capitol (1912)
• Children's Battle of Flowers at Nice (1909)
• Choosing the Wallpaper (1910)
• A Christmas Spirit (1912)
• Church Parade of the 7th Hussars and 16th Lancers (1909)
• A Cingalese Fishing Village in Ceylon (1913)
• A Citizeness of Paris (1911)
• The Clown's Sacrifice (1911)
• Coney Gets the Glad Eye (1913)
• Coney as a Peacemaker (1913)
• Coronation of George V (1911)
• The Coster's Wedding (1910)
• The Crusader (1911)
• Dandy Dick of Bishopsgate (1911)
• A Detachment of Gordon Highlanders (1909)
• Detective Henry and the Paris Apaches (1911)
• A Devoted Friend (1911)
• Egypt (1910)
• Elevating an Elephant (1913)
• An Elizabethan Romance (1912)
• Entertaining Auntie (1913)
• Esther: A Biblical Episode (1911)
• The Explorers (1913)
• The Fall of Babylon (1911)
• Farm Yard Friends (1910)
• Fate (1911)
• Fifty Miles from Tombstone (1913)
• The Fisherman's Daughter (1911)
• Floral Fiends (1910)
• The Flower Girl of Florence (1911)
• Following Mother's Footsteps (1911)
• For the Crown (1911)
• A French Duel (1911)
• From Bud to Blossom (1910)
• From Factory Girl to Prima Donna (1911)
• The Funeral of Edward VII (1910)
• Galileo (1911)
• A Gambler's Villainy (1912)
• Ganges at Benares (1913)
• The General's Only Son (1911)
• George V's Visit to Ireland (1911)
• Gerald's Butterfly (1912)
• Girl Worth Having (1913)
• Gladioli (1913)
• Haunted Otter (1913)
• Hiawatha (1913)
• A Highland Lassie (1910)
• The Highlander (1911)
• His Brother's Keeper (1913)
• His Conscience (1911)
• His Last Burglary (1911)
• The House That Jack Built (1913)
• How to Live 100 Years (1913)
• The Hypnotist and the Convict (1911)
• Ice Cutting on the St. Lawrence River (1912)
• In Gollywog Land (1912)
• In the Reign of Terror (1911)
• Inaugurazione del Campanile di San Marco, Venice (1912)
• Incident on Brighton Beach (1909)
• Indiens sur le terrain M. A. A. A. (1910)
• The Inventor's Son (1911)
• The Investiture of the Prince of Wales at Caernarvon (1911)
• Italian Flower and Bead Vendors (1912)
• Italy (1910)
• Jack and the Beanstalk (1912)
• Jane Shore (1911)
• Japan (1913)
• Johnson at the Wedding (1911)
• Julius Caesar's Sandals (1911)
• Kinemacolor Fashion Gazette (1913)
• Kinemacolor Panama Pictures (1913)
• Kinemacolor Photo Plays (1913)
• Kinemacolor Puzzle (1909)
• Kinemacolor Songs (1911)
• The King and Queen on Their Way to Open the Victoria and Albert Museum (1912)
• The King of Indigo (1911)
• Kitty the Dressmaker (1911)
• Lady Beaulay's Necklace (1911)
• Lake Garda Northern Italy (1910)
• Launch of the S.S. Olympic (1912)
• The Letter (1909)
• Liquors and Cigars (1910)
• The Little Daughter's Letter (1911)
• Little Lady Lafayette (1911)
• Little Lord Fauntleroy (1914)
• The Little Picture Producer (1914)
• The Little Wooden Soldier (1912)
• The London Fire Brigade (1910)
• London Zoological Gardens (1910)
• Lost Collar Stud (1914)
• The Lost Ring (1911)
• Love and War in Toyland (1913)
• Love Conquers (1911)
• Love in a Cottage (1911)
• Love of Riches (1911)
• Love Story of Charles II (1911)
• Love's Strategy (1911)
• A Lucky Escape (1911)
• The Lust for Gold (1912)
• Magic Ring (1911)
• The Making of the Panama Canal (1912)
• The Marble Industry at Carrara Italy (1913)
• A Merry Monarch (1913)
• The Mighty Dollar (1912)
• The Millionaire's Nephew (1911)
• The Minstrel King (1912)
• Miscellaneous Flowers (1914)
• Mischievous Puck (1911)
• Mission Bells (1913)
• Modelling Extraordinary (1912)
• A Modern Hero (1911)
• The Modern Pygmalion and Galatea (1911)
• Motor and Yacht Boating in England (1910)
• Music Hath Charms (1911)
• Mystic Manipulations (1911)
• A Narrow Escape (1913)
• Nathan Hale (1913)
• Natural Color Portraiture (1909)
• Naval Review at Spithead (1910)
• Nell Gwynn the Orange Girl (1911)
• Nobility (1912)
• A Noble Heart (1911)
• Normal Melbourne (1912)
• Nubia, Wadi Halfa and the Second Cataract (1911)
• Oedipus Rex (1911)
• Ofia, the Woman Spy (1912)
• The Old Guitar (1912)
• The Old Hat (1910)
• Oliver Cromwell (1911)
• Only a Woman (1912)
• Other People's Children (1913)
• Pageant of New Romney, Hythe, and Sandwich (1910)
• Pagsanjan Falls (1911)
• Paris Fashions (1913)
• The Passions of an Egyptian Princess (1911)
• The Peasants and the Fairy (1911)
• Performing Elephants (1913)
• Phil Rees' Stable Lads (1912)
• Picking Strawberries (1910)
• Pisa Italy (1913)
• Pompeii (1912)
• Potomac Falls Virginia (1910)
• The Power of Prayer (1913)
• The Priest's Burden (1911)
• The Princess of Romana (1913)
• The Rabbits-Sheep-Carrots for the Donkey (1909)
• Rambles in Paris (1913)
• Reaping (1909)
• The Rebel's Daughter (1911)
• Representatives of the British Isles (1909)
• Reptiles (1912)
• Review of Troops by George V (1910)
• Revues des Boy Scouts a Montreal (1910)
• The Richmond Horse Show (1910)
• The Rivals (1913)
• Riviera Coast Scenes (1909)
• Riviera Fisher Folk (1909)
• Robin Hood (1913)
• A Romance of the Canadian Wilds (1910)
• Romani the Brigand (1912)
• Royal Ascot (1912)
• A Run with the Exmoor Staghounds (1912)
• Sailing and Motor Boat Scenes at Southwick (1909)
• Samson and Delilah (1911)
• Santa Claus (1913)
• Saved From the Titanic (1912) (only two scenes were filmed in Kinemacolor)
• The Scarlet Letter (1913)
• Scenes a Montreal comprenant le Gymkhana (1910)
• Scenes in Algeria (1910)
• Scenes on the Mediterranean (1913)
• A Scrap of Paper (1913)
• A Seaside Comedy (1912)
• The Silken Thread (1911)
• Simpkin's Dream of a Holiday (1911)
• Small Game at the Zoo (1912)
• Soldiers' Pet (1909)
• Spreewald (1913)
• St. John the Baptist (1912)
• Stage Struck (1913)
• Steam (1910)
• The Story of the Orange (1913)
• The Story of the Wasp (1914)
• Strange Mounts (1912)
• Suffragette's Parade in Washington, D.C. (1913)
• The Sugar Industry of Jamaica (1913)
• Sunset on the Nile (1913)
• Swank and the Remedy (1911)
• Swans (1909)
• Sweet Flowers (1909)
• Tartans of Scottish Clans (1906)
• Telemachus (1911)
• Three Cape Girls (1912)
• The Tide of Fortune (1912)
• Theodore Roosevelt (1912)
• There Is a God (1913)
• Tobogganing in Switzerland (1913)
• La Tosca (1911) with Lillian Russell based on the play by Victorien Sardou
• A Tragedy of the Olden Times (1911)
• Trilby and Svengali (1911)
• A Trip Up Mount Lowe USA (1913)
• A True Briton (1912)
• Two Can Play at the Same Game (1911)
• The Two Chorus Girls (1911)
• Two Christmas Hampers (1911)
• Two Clowns (1906)
• The Two Rivals (1912)
• Uncle's Picnic (1911)
• The Unveiling of the Queen Victoria Memorial (1911)
• The Vandal Outlaws (1912)
• Venice and the Grand Canal (1910)
• The Vicissitudes of a Top Hat (1912)
• View of Brighton Front (1909)
• A Visit to Aldershot (1909)
• A Visit to the Seaside (1908)
• Visite de son Altesse Royale le Duc de Connaught a Montreal (1910)
• Voyage de Liverpool a Vancouver via Montreal (1910)
• Washington's Home and Grounds at Mount Vernon (1910)
• Water Carnival at Villefranche-sur-Mer (1909)
• Waves and Spray (1909)
• William Howard Taft (1912)
• William Tell (1914)
• Winter in Moscow (1913)
• Winter Sports at Are (1913)
• With Our King and Queen Through India (The Durbar at Delhi) (1912)
• The Wizard and the Brigands (1911)
• Women Draped in Patterned Handkerchiefs (1908)
• The World, the Flesh, and the Devil (1914)
• Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura (Japan, 1914)

first color TV

CBS Broadcasting Inc. (CBS) is a major American television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of the company's logo. It has also been called the "Tiffany Network", which alludes to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of its founder William S. Paley (1901–90).^[1] It can also refer to some of CBS's first demonstrations of color television, which were held in a former Tiffany & Co. building in New York City in 1950,^[2] thus earning it the name "Color broadcasting system" back when such a feat was innovative.

The network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc., a collection of 16 radio stations that was bought by William S. Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System.^[3] Under Paley's guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States and then one of the big three American broadcast television networks. In 1974, CBS dropped its full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. The Westinghouse Electric Corporation acquired the network in 1995 and eventually adopted the name of the company it had bought to become CBS Corporation. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which coincidentally had begun as a spin-off of CBS in 1971. In late 2005, Viacom split itself and reestablished CBS Corporation with the CBS television network at its core. CBS Corporation and the new Viacom are controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, the parent of the two companies.

Electromechanical television

The beginnings of mechanical television can be traced back to the discovery of the photoconductivity of the element selenium by Willoughby Smith in 1873, the invention of a scanning disk by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884 and John Logie Baird's demonstration of televised moving images in 1926.

As 23-year-old German university student, Paul Nipkow proposed and patented the first electromechanical television system in 1884.^[1] Although he never built a working model of the system, variations of Nipkow's spinning-disk "image rasterizer" for television became exceedingly common, and remained in use until 1939.^[2] Constantin Perskyi had coined the word television in a paper read to the International Electricity Congress at the International World Fair in Paris on August 25, 1900. Perskyi's paper reviewed the existing electromechanical technologies, mentioning the work of Nipkow and others.^[3] The photoconductivity of selenium and Nipkow's scanning disk were first joined for practical use in the electronic transmission of still pictures and photographs, and by the first decade of the 20th century halftone photographs, composed of equally spaced dots of varying size, were being transmitted by facsimile over telegraph and telephone lines as a newspaper service.^[4]

However, it was not until 1907 that developments in amplification tube technology, by Lee DeForest and Arthur Korn among others, made the design practical.^[4] The first demonstration of the instantaneous transmission of still silhouette images was by Georges Rignoux and A. Fournier in Paris in 1909, using a rotating mirror-drum as the scanner and a matrix of 64 selenium cells as the receiver.^[5]

In 1911, Boris Rosing and his student Vladimir Zworykin created a television system that used a mechanical mirror-drum scanner to transmit, in Zworykin's words, "very crude images" over wires to the "Braun tube" (cathode ray tube or "CRT") in the receiver. Moving images were not possible because, in the scanner, "the sensitivity was not enough and the selenium cell was very laggy".^[6]

On March 25, 1925, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird gave the first public demonstration of televised silhouette images in motion, at Selfridge's Department Store in London.^[7] AT&T's Bell Telephone Laboratories transmitted halftone still images of transparencies in May 1925. On June 13 of that year, Charles Francis Jenkins transmitted the silhouette image of a toy windmill in motion, over a distance of five miles from a naval radio station in Maryland to his laboratory in Washington, using a lensed disk scanner with a 48-line resolution.^[8][9]

However, if television is defined as the live transmission of moving images with continuous tonal variation, Baird first achieved this privately on October 2, 1925. But strictly speaking, Baird had not yet achieved moving images on October 2. His scanner worked at only five images per second, below the threshold required to give the illusion of motion, usually defined as at least 12 images per second. By January, he had improved the scan rate to 12.5 images per second. Then he gave the world's first demonstration of a working television system to members of the Royal Institution and a newspaper reporter on January 26, 1926 at his laboratory in London. Unlike later electronic systems with several hundred lines of resolution, Baird's vertically scanned image, using a scanning disk embedded with a double spiral of lenses, had only 30 lines, just enough to reproduce a recognizable human face.^{[citation needed]}

In 1927, Baird transmitted a signal over 438 miles (705 km) of telephone line between London and Glasgow. In 1928, Baird's company (Baird Television Development Company/Cinema Television) broadcast the first transatlantic television signal, between London and New York, and the first shore-to-ship transmission. He also demonstrated an electromechanical color, infrared (dubbed "Noctovision"), and stereoscopic television, using additional lenses, disks and filters. In parallel, Baird developed a video disk recording system dubbed "Phonovision"; a number of the Phonovision recordings, dating back to 1927, still exist.^[10] In 1929, he became involved in the first experimental electromechanical television service in Germany. In November of the same year, Baird and Bernard Natan of Pathe established France's first television company, Télévision-Baird-Natan. In 1931, he made the first outdoor remote broadcast, of the Epsom Derby.^[11] In 1932, he demonstrated ultra-short wave television. Baird's electromechanical system reached a peak of 240 lines of resolution on BBC television broadcasts in 1936 though the mechanical system did not scan the televised scene directly. Instead a 35 mm film was shot, rapidly developed and then scanned while the film was still wet. This intermediate film system was discontinued within three months in favor of a 405-line all-electronic system developed by Marconi-EMI.^[12]

On December 25, 1926, Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated a television system with a 40-line resolution that employed a Nipkow disk scanner and CRT display at Hamamatsu Industrial High School in Japan. This protype is still on display at the Takayanagi Memorial Museum in Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu Campus. His research in creating a production model were halted by the US after Japan lost World War II.^[14]

Mechanical scanning systems, though obsolete for the more familiar television systems, nevertheless survive in long wave infra red cameras because there is no suitable all-electronic pickup device.^{[citation needed]}